Update: this study is now published! The final version is now available (open access) in World Development.
Agroforestry—planting trees on farms—has a lot of benefits for the world at large: trees prevent erosion, store carbon, and provide refuge habitats within the agricultural landscape. And agronomists have reported that trees can support soil health and increase soil organic matter, improving the long-term sustainability of farming systems. But is agroforestry good for the farmer’s bottom line?